Rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan ya haifar da matsalar makamashi
A ranar 24 ga Fabrairu, 2022, ba zato ba tsammani, rikici tsakanin Rasha da Uzbekistan, wanda ya kwashe shekaru takwas yana karuwa.Daga nan ne kasashen yammacin duniya suka fara kakabawa kasar Rasha takunkumi mai tsanani, lamarin da ya kai ga tsunduma cikin rikici da dama a duniya nan take.A farkon tashin hankalin, rikicin makamashi ya barke a duniya.Daga cikin su, matsalar makamashi a Turai ita ce mafi mahimmanci.Kafin barkewar rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan, makamashin Turai ya dogara sosai kan kayan da Rasha ke fitarwa.A cikin Maris 2022, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan, hauhawar farashin kayayyaki da sauran abubuwa masu yawa, rikicin makamashi na Turai ya barke, kuma yawancin mahimman alamun farashin kayayyaki na makamashi kamar farashin mai na duniya, farashin gas na Turai, da farashin wutar lantarki na manyan Turai. kasashe sun yi tashin gwauron zabi, kuma sun kai kololuwa a cikin kwanaki goma na farkon wata.
Rikicin makamashi na Turai, wanda har yanzu ba a warware shi ba, yana haifar da babban kalubale ga tsaron makamashi na Turai, yana yin katsalanda sosai ga tsarin sauyin makamashi a Turai, yana haifar da babbar matsala ga ci gaban masana'antar sinadarai na Turai.
Farashin man fetur da iskar gas na duniya ya tashi matuka
Ɗaya daga cikin sakamakon kai tsaye na rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan shi ne cewa kasuwar mai da iskar gas a cikin 2022 za su kasance kamar "nadi mai zurfi", tare da hawa da sauka a cikin shekara, yana tasiri sosai ga kasuwar sinadarai.
A cikin kasuwar iskar gas, a cikin Maris da Satumba 2022, "ɓacewar" iskar gas ɗin bututun na Rasha ya tilastawa ƙasashen Turai yin yunƙurin neman iskar gas (LNG) a duniya.Japan, Koriya ta Kudu da sauran ƙasashen LNG masu shigo da iskar gas suma sun hanzarta tattara iskar gas ɗinsu, kuma kasuwar LNG ta yi karanci.Koyaya, tare da kammala ajiyar iskar gas a Turai da lokacin sanyi mai zafi a Turai, farashin LNG na duniya da farashin iskar gas duka sun faɗi sosai a cikin Disamba 2022.
A cikin kasuwar man fetur, manyan ’yan kasuwar kasuwan suna ta motsi kullum.Kungiyar OPEC + da Saudi Arabiya ke jagoranta ta yanke shawarar farko don kara yawan kayan noma a karon farko cikin shekaru biyu a taron rage yawan noman da aka saba yi a watan Yunin 2022. Duk da haka, a watan Disamba 2022, OPEC + ta zabi don ci gaba da rage yawan kayan da ake nomawa. siyasa.A sa'i daya kuma, Amurka ta sanar da sakin manyan tsare-tsare na mai tare da cimma yarjejeniya da sauran mambobin kungiyar ta OECD na sakin danyen mai.Farashin mai na kasa da kasa ya tashi sosai zuwa matsayi mafi girma tun 2008 a farkon Maris 2022, kuma ya daidaita bayan babban matakin karfafawa a cikin kwata na biyu na 2022. A tsakiyar watan Yuni 2022, an sake samun wani tashin hankali da raguwa, kuma ta hanyar karshen Nuwamba 2022, ya fadi zuwa matakin Fabrairu na wannan shekarar.
Kamfanonin man petrochemical da yawa sun janye daga kasuwar Rasha
Tare da haɓakar rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan, manyan kamfanonin petrochemical na yammacin Turai sun yanke shawarar janyewa daga kasuwannin Rasha a matakan tallace-tallace da samarwa a cikin asarar hasara mai yawa.
A cikin masana'antar mai, jimillar asarar da masana'antun suka yi ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 40.17, wanda BP ya kasance mafi girma.Sauran kamfanoni, irin su Shell, sun yi asarar kusan dalar Amurka biliyan 3.9 lokacin da suka janye daga Rasha.
A sa'i daya kuma, kamfanoni da yawa a masana'antar sinadarai suma sun fice daga kasuwar Rasha a babban sikeli.Waɗannan sun haɗa da BASF, Dow, DuPont, Solvay, Klein, da sauransu.
Matsalar taki a duniya na kara ta'azzara
Yayin da rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan ke kara ta'azzara, farashin iskar gas ya yi tashin gwauron zabo, kuma yawan iskar iskar gas ya yi kadan, haka kuma farashin takin ammonia na roba da takin nitrogen da aka dogara da iskar gas ya yi tasiri.Bugu da kari, tun da Rasha da Belarus suna da muhimmanci wajen fitar da takin Potash a duniya, farashin takin Potash kuma ya kasance a duniya bayan takunkumin.Jim kadan bayan barkewar rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan, matsalar taki a duniya ma ta biyo baya.
Bayan da rikicin Rasha da Uzbekistan ya ta'azzara, farashin taki a duniya gaba daya ya tsaya tsayin daka daga karshen watan Maris zuwa Afrilun 2022, sannan kuma matsalar takin ya ragu tare da fadada samar da taki a Amurka, Canada da sauran kasashe masu samar da taki.Sai dai kawo yanzu ba a shawo kan matsalar takin da ake fama da shi a duniya ba, kuma har yanzu ana rufe masana'antar samar da taki a Turai.Rikicin taki a duniya ya kawo cikas matuka ga yadda ake noman noma a kasashen Turai da Kudancin Asiya da Afirka da kuma Amurka ta Kudu, lamarin da ya tilastawa kasashen da abin ya shafa kashe kudade masu yawa don tara taki, da kuma haifar da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a duniya a fakaice.
Rigakafi da sarrafa gurɓataccen filastik yana haifar da wani lokaci na tarihi
A ranar 2 ga Maris, 2022, a daidai lokacin da ake ci gaba da zama babban taron Majalisar Dinkin Duniya na muhalli karo na biyar, wanda aka yi a birnin Nairobi, wakilai daga kasashe 175 sun amince da wani kuduri mai cike da tarihi mai suna Resolution on End Plastic Pollution (Draft).Wannan dai shi ne karo na farko da kasashen duniya suka cimma matsaya kan dakile matsalar roba da ke kara kamari.Ko da yake kudurin bai gabatar da wani takamaiman shiri na rigakafin gurbacewar roba ba, amma har yanzu wani muhimmin mataki ne a matakin da kasashen duniya ke dauka kan matsalar gurbatar filastik.
Daga bisani, a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba, 2022, wakilan kasashe da yankuna fiye da 190, sun gudanar da shawarwarin farko na gwamnatoci game da hana gurbatar gurbatar yanayi a Cape Ester, kuma an sanya batun kula da gurbatar filastik na kasa da kasa.
Kamfanonin mai sun samu ribar da aka samu
Sakamakon hauhawar farashin mai a duniya, kamfanonin mai na duniya sun sake samun riba mai ban mamaki a cikin kashi uku na farkon shekarar 2022, lokacin da aka fitar da bayanan.
Misali, ExxonMobil ya samu ribar tarihi a rubu'i na uku na shekarar 2022, inda ya samu dalar Amurka biliyan 19.66, fiye da ninki biyu na kudaden shiga na lokaci guda a shekarar 2021. Chevron ya samu ribar dalar Amurka biliyan 11.23 a rubu na uku na 2022, kusa da matakin ribar rikodin na kwata na baya.Saudi Aramco kuma za ta zama kamfani mafi girma a duniya ta darajar kasuwa a shekarar 2022.
Kamfanonin mai da ke samun makudan kudade sun ja hankalin duniya.Musamman a yanayin canjin makamashin duniya da rikicin makamashi ya toshe, babban ribar da masana'antun makamashin burbushin halittu suka samu ya haifar da zazzafar muhawarar zamantakewa.Kasashe da dama na shirin sanya harajin faduwa kan ribar da kamfanonin mai ke samu.
Kamfanoni na kasa da kasa suna da nauyi sosai a kasuwannin kasar Sin
A ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2022, BASF ta gudanar da wani biki na cikakken gini da kera na'urori na farko a cikin BASF (Guangdong) wanda BASF ta zuba jari a Zhanjiang, Guangdong.BASF (Guangdong) hadedde tushe ya kasance koyaushe abin mai da hankali ne.Bayan da aka sanya naúrar farko a hukumance a hukumance, BASF za ta ƙara fitar da tan 60000 na robobin injiniyoyi da aka gyara a cikin shekara, wanda zai iya biyan buƙatun abokan ciniki, musamman a fannin motoci da samfuran lantarki.Wani saitin kayan aiki don samar da thermoplastic polyurethane za a fara aiki a cikin 2023. A cikin mataki na gaba na aikin, za a fadada wasu na'urorin da ke ƙasa.
A shekarar 2022, dangane da matsalar makamashi da hauhawar farashin kayayyaki a duniya, kamfanonin kasa da kasa sun ci gaba da yin aiki a kasar Sin.Baya ga BASF, kamfanonin sarrafa sinadarai na kasa da kasa kamar ExxonMobil, INVIDIA da Saudi Aramco suna kara zuba jari a kasar Sin.Dangane da rikice-rikice da sauye-sauye a duniya, kamfanoni na kasa da kasa sun bayyana cewa, a shirye suke su zama masu zuba jari na dogon lokaci a kasar Sin, kuma za su ci gaba da bunkasa a kasuwannin kasar Sin da burin dogon lokaci.
Masana'antar sinadarai ta Turai yanzu tana rage yawan samarwa
A watan Oktoba na 2022, lokacin da farashin mai da iskar gas a Turai ya kasance mafi girma kuma wadatar ta kasance mafi ƙarancin, masana'antar sinadarai ta Turai ta gamu da matsalolin aiki da ba a taɓa gani ba.Haɓaka farashin makamashi ya haifar da tsadar farashin samar da masana'antun Turai, kuma babu isasshen makamashi a harkar samar da kayayyaki.Wasu samfuran ba su da mahimmin albarkatun ƙasa, wanda ke haifar da yanke shawara na manyan masanan sinadarai na Turai don rage ko ma dakatar da samarwa.Daga cikin su akwai katafaren sinadarai na duniya kamar Dow, Costron, BASF da Longsheng.
Misali, BASF ta yanke shawarar dakatar da samar da sinadarin ammonia na roba tare da rage yawan iskar iskar gas na kamfanin Ludwigsport.Total Energy, Costron da sauran kamfanoni sun yanke shawarar rufe wasu layukan samarwa.
Gwamnatoci suna daidaita dabarun makamashi
A shekarar 2022, duniya za ta fuskanci kalubale na sarkar samar da kayayyaki, za a katse karfin samar da sassan masana'antu, za a jinkirta cinikin jigilar kayayyaki, sannan farashin makamashi zai yi yawa.Wannan ya haifar da wutar lantarki da kuma shigarwa na hoto a cikin ƙasashe da yawa sun kasance ƙasa da yadda ake tsammani.A sa'i daya kuma, sakamakon matsalolin makamashi, kasashe da dama sun fara neman samar da makamashin gaggawa na gaggawa.A wannan yanayin, an toshe canjin makamashi na duniya.A Turai, saboda matsalar makamashi da tsadar sabbin makamashi, kasashe da yawa sun fara amfani da kwal a matsayin tushen makamashi.
Amma a sa'i daya kuma, ana ci gaba da sauye-sauyen makamashi a duniya.Rahoton hukumar kula da makamashi ta kasa da kasa ya bayyana cewa, yayin da kasashe da dama suka fara inganta sauye-sauyen makamashi, masana'antar makamashi mai tsafta ta duniya ta shiga wani lokaci na ci gaba cikin sauri, kuma ana sa ran samar da makamashin da za a iya sabuntawa zai karu da kashi 20% a shekarar 2022. Ana sa ran haɓakar haɓakar iskar carbon dioxide ta duniya a cikin 2022 zai ragu daga 4% a cikin 2021 zuwa 1%.
Tsarin jadawalin kuɗin fito na farko a duniya ya fito
A ranar 18 ga Disamba, 2022, Majalisar Tarayyar Turai da kasashe membobin EU sun amince da yin garambawul ga kasuwar carbon ta EU, gami da gabatar da harajin carbon.Bisa shirin garambawul, kungiyar EU za ta dora harajin iskar Carbon a hukumance daga shekarar 2026, da kuma gudanar da aikin gwaji daga watan Oktoba na shekarar 2023 zuwa karshen watan Disamba na shekarar 2025. A lokacin, za a dora kudin hayakin iskar Carbon kan masu shigo da kayayyaki daga kasashen waje.A cikin masana'antar sinadarai, taki zai zama masana'anta na farko don sanya harajin carbon.
JinDun ChemicalAn jajirce ga ci gaba da aikace-aikace na musamman acrylate monomers da kuma na musamman lafiya sunadarai dauke da fluorine.JinDun Chemical yana da OEM sarrafa shuke-shuke a Jiangsu, Anhui da sauran wuraren da suka cooperated shekaru da yawa, samar da karin m goyon baya ga musamman samar da sabis na musamman chemicals.JinDun Chemical yana dagewa akan ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar tare da mafarkai, yin samfura tare da mutunci, ƙwarewa, tsauri, da fita gaba ɗaya don zama amintaccen abokin tarayya da abokin abokan ciniki!Yi ƙoƙarin yinsabbin kayan sinadaraikawo kyakkyawar makoma ga duniya.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-28-2023